Legal Status in INPADOCDB and INPAFAMDB
In the databases INPADOCDB and INPAFAMDB files legal status information is available as provided by the European Patent Office (EPO). The EPO compiles the data from the patent gazettes and patent registers of currently 100 countries or patent-issuing organizations. For 44 countries, only information on the national phase of PCT and/or EP applications is included. The list of countries or patent-issuing organizations for which legal status information is provided at the end of the article. The database contains more than 470 million legal status entries (October 2024).
Legal Status Search Fields
The gazette date in the respective register of the patent-issuing organization is searchable in the fields Legal Status Date (/LSD) and Legal Status Date in Force (/LSDF). The more than 4,400 Legal Status Codes (/LSC) contain the country code and a code which identifies the legal event.
Use the EXPAND command to list legal status codes and their description, e.g., for the Republic of Korea.
The country codes of /LSC are searchable in the field Legal Status Country Code (/LSCC). The description of the code is searchable in the field /LSTX (Legal Status Code Text). All codes are classified in a Legal Status Category (/LSC2) and in a Legal Status Event Class (/LSEC). Each legal event has an update date in the field /UPLS, which provides the date when the event entered the database.
Anatomy of a Legal Event
Except LSDF all these fields are available for all legal events. In addition, there are special legal events which are indexed in extra search fields. Details of a legal event can be retrieved in the field Legal Status Free Text (/LSFT). Some codes include a plus (+) or minus (-) sign indicating a positive or negative event. These indicators can be searched in the field /LSCI (Legal Status Indicator).
A Legal Status Basic Index (/LSBI) is available which comprises information from the fields LSFT, LSPA, LSAG, LSIN, and LSOP.
| LS Code | LS Text | Example |
| LSPA | Legal Status Patent Assignee | Patent publication events (e.g., date of grant) are covered in the legal status display for all of the more than 100 authorities. This extended legal status – publication, application, and priority data – makes it easier to get the complete picture of granted patents and other publication events. These events can be searched via the bibliographic search fields (PRN, PRC, PRK, PRD, PRY, AP, AC, AK, AD, PN, PK, PY) or with legal status codes. A hit in one of these fields will be highlighted in the bibliography and the legal status event table. |
| LSIN |
Legal Status Patent Inventor |
|
| LSAG |
Legal Status Representative/ Agent |
|
| LSOP |
Legal Status Patent Opponent |
|
| LSLI | Legal Status Licensee | |
| LSDS |
Legal Status Designated States |
|
| LSIC | Legal Status IPC | |
| LSPMY |
Legal Status, Payment Year |
|
|
LSPN
LSPC
LSPK
LSPD
LSPY |
Legal Status Publication Number Legal Status Publication Country Legal Status Kind Code Legal Status Publication Date Legal Status Publication Year |
|
|
LSSPC
LSSPC.EX
LSSPC.FD
LSSPC.XD |
Legal Status SPC Number Legal Status SPC, Extension Date Legal Status SPC, Filing Date Legal Status SPC, Expiry Date |
Patent publication events (e.g., date of grant) are covered in the legal status display for all of the more than 100 authorities. This extended legal status – publication, application, and priority data – makes it easier to get the complete picture of granted patents and other publication events. These events can be searched via the bibliographic search fields (PRN, PRC, PRK, PRD, PRY, AP, AC, AK, AD, PN, PK, PY) or with legal status codes. A hit in one of these fields will be highlighted in the bibliography and the legal status event table.
The (L)-operator should also be used when searching for specific legal events combining two or more legal status search fields, for example,
=> S DE/LSCC (L) CHG/LSC2
combining a legal status country with a specific legal status category, or
=> S 20160429/LSD (L) FEE/LSC2 (L) ES/LSCY
searching a gazette date with a fee event in a specific country.
Please note that legal status information in INPADOCDDB/INPAFAMDB is without warranty. For critical information, e.g., if a patent is still in force, it is indispensable to consult the patent registers or to access records at the patent authorities.
See the original statement by the EPO: "The EPO does not accept any responsibility for the accuracy of data and information originating from other authorities than the EPO, including but not exclusively whether they are complete, up-to-date and fit for specific purposes. The data and information are made available by the respective patent authorities; they are displayed as received, without warranty of any kind and for information purposes only. The patent authorities remain solely responsible for the accuracy of the data and information they provide. In order to obtain authoritative information, users should consult the appropriate patent authority."
The most recent legal events are available in the register of the respective patent authority. In STNext, use the Register Links option in the patent number dropdown menu of publication and application numbers. For details, see View National Patent Links.
For each new update week, the web page https://www.epo.org/searching-for-patents/data/coverage/weekly.html provides an overview of the changes in the latest update. A depiction of the EPO web page is provided below.
Legal Status Category and Legal Status Event Class
Worldwide legal status searching is a challenging task as various event codes from different countries need to be searched for a particular legal request. Also, a systematic search for one legal event must consider all legal status event codes, taking into account that definitions of codes can change and new codes may be added. Sophisticated strategies and a deep understanding of the patent procedures of different authorities are necessary to obtain comprehensive search results. Two systems for the categorization of the more than 4,400 different legal event codes are available in INPADOCDB/INPAFAMDB.
Legal Status Category
In the search field /LSC2 (Legal Status Categories) the legal event codes are grouped into 29 legal status categories. Of these, 24 legal status categories are based on European Patent Office' information, or specifications by FIZ Karlsruhe, e.g., WTH (Withdrawal, Refusal, etc.), CHG (Change of Owner, Inventor, Applicant), ORE (Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal), or UER (Unitary Effect Request).
Code, Text, and Description of Legal Event Categories in Field LSC2
| Code | Text | Description |
| CHG | Change of Owner, Inventor, Applicant | Change of applicant or owner, as well as changes of their names or/and addresses |
| CLA | Change, Removal or Addition of Classifications | Change, removal or addition of the IPC-classification of the patent or its application |
| COR | Correction, Amendment, Modification in Specification | Correction and amendments in the text of the patent specification. NOT INCLUDED: Changes in the Register or the bibliographic data or changes and deletions of former legal events |
| DIV | Divisional and Additional Applications | Information that a division, addition etc. from the parent (original) patent can be found in this category |
| ENP | Entry into National Phase | Entry of a patent from a regional patent office (EP, EA) into national phase; information that a translation was sent to a national office. Entry of PCT applications into regional or national phase |
| ERR | Erratum | Correction or deletion of former legal events (sometimes also of events that were not part of original datasets) |
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | Procedural steps during the lifetime of the patent (search and examination) in patent offices. NOT INCLUDED: Time extension for special procedures, invalidations during examination procedure or time extensions |
| EXP | Expiry | Patents or utility models became invalid when they reached their maximum lifetime. NOTE: Some patent offices classify this kind of invalidation as lapsed |
| EXT | Time Extension | Time extensions for special procedures during examination as well as time extension for payment of fees or completion of specification |
| FEE | Fee Payment | Fees that keep the patent or utility model valid have been paid. Confirmation that the patent or utility model was valid on a particular date |
| LAP | Lapse (Non-Payment of Fees) | Patents or utility models or their applications became invalid due to non-payment of the due fees. NOTE: After a lapse, patents can be validated (reinstated) by late fee payments |
| LIC | Licensing | Offers to license patents or utility models; beginning or termination of a license; change of licensee, any known kind of exploitation rights by a third party |
| LIM | Nullification of Parts of Rights, Limitation | The validity of patents or utility models have been limited, e.g., exclusion of certain claims. Also, patents that have been limited through the opposition procedure |
| MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | Events that do not fall into any of the previously listed categories OR those that could be assigned to two or more categories AND other events when the category is unclear |
| NEN | Non-entry into national phase (WO) | Non-entry events of PCT applications into regional or national phase |
| NOP | No Opposition or Appeal | Decision whether opposition, appeal or nullity proceedings are refused or rejected |
| ORE | Opposition, Re-examination, Appeal | Events in the opposition phase include filing, rejection, re-examination, proceedings, appeal to patent courts, etc. NOT INCLUDED: Decision of rejection or limitation of patents in the opposition phase |
| PUB | New or Withdrawn Publication | Publication and republication of the patent text (if this publication is not included in the bibliographic data) as well as withdrawals of a former publication |
| REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | Patents or utility models previously invalidated have become valid again (e.g., late payment of annual fees, etc.) |
| REP | Change of Representative | Announcement of the change of representative (agent), as well as changes of their names and/or addresses |
| SPC | Supplementary Protection Certificate, Term Extension | Application, grant, withdrawal, expiry, etc. for a prolonged industrial property right of a patent or of a product from a patent, i.e., all procedural steps of SPCs, incl. their invalidations |
| UER | Unitary Effect Request | All legal events related to the unitary effect request, including correction, deletion, positive or negative decision, or withdrawal of the unitary effect request. |
| UOO | Opt-out of UPC Jurisdiction | All legal events related to the opt-out of the competence of the Unified Patent Court, including removal, withdrawal, and removal of the withdrawal. |
| WTH | Withdrawal, Refusal, etc. |
Patents or utility models became invalid for reasons other than non-payment of the required fees or reaching the maximum lifetime. Codes indicating the invalidity after opposition procedure are also included. Note: It is possible that an invalid patent will be reinstated at a later stage (e.g., after a decision by the patent court) |
Five legal status categories are derived from the bibliographic data. The categories GRA, PRE and
UKN correspond to the patent status in the search field /STA assigned to a publication, whereas APP and PRI correspond to the application and priority information.
| Code | Text |
| GRA | Grant publication information |
| PRE | Pre-grant publication information |
| UKN | Unknown |
| APP | Patent application |
| PRI | Priority information |
Any changes to the legal status codes are continuously monitored and new codes are captured in the relevant category.
With the help of the LSC2 categories, specific search questions can be easily answered, without the need to know all legal event codes.
| Legal Status Category | Text |
| ENP: Entry into national phase national | Which EP inventions are protected in specific nations? |
| WTH: Withdrawal, Refusal etc. | What applications of Company X have been withdrawn? |
| REI: Reinstatement or Restoration | Have any patents belonging to a competitor which had previously lapsed or been abandoned since been reinstated? |
| CHG: Change of owner, inventor, applicant | Track transfer of intellectual property from a large company to a spin-off, change of IP rights and assignments |
Legal Status Event Classes
Based on the WIPO standard ST.27, the EPO has introduced another classification scheme for INPADOC legal events since 2000. For information from the EPO, click here. These categories are indexed in the field Legal Status Event Class (/LSEC).
Code, Text, and Description of Legal Event Classes in Field LSEC
| Code | Text | Description |
| A | Application filing | Legal events related to the filing of an application for patent or utility model protection. |
| B | Application discontinuation | Legal events related to the discontinuation of an application for patent or utility model protection. |
| C | Application revival | Legal events related to the revival, reinstatement or restoration of an application for patent or utility model protection after the application was discontinued. |
| D | Search and examination | Legal events related to the examination procedure and to prior art searches. |
| E | Pre-grant review request | Legal events related to the request for a pre-grant review. |
| F | IP right grant | Legal events related to the effective grant of a patent or utility model and/or the entry of the IP right into the register. |
| G | Protection beyond IP right term | Legal events related to the protection of an IP right beyond its term. |
| H | IP right cessation | Legal events related to the cessation of an IP right. |
| K | IP right revival | Legal events related to the reinstatement or restoration of an IP right after its cessation. |
| L | IP right review request | Legal events related to a request for a review of an IP right after its grant. |
| M | IP right maintenance | Legal events related to the maintenance of a granted IP right in full or amended form. |
| P | Re-publication of document after modification | Legal events related to the publication of an application, IP right document or other document after modification of the document, which occurs outside the context of a pre-grant review or IP right review. |
| Q | Document publication | Legal events related to the publication of a document by the competent patent office. |
| R | Party data change | Legal related to the recording of changes in party data by the competent patent office. |
| S | Information on licensing and similar transactions | Legal events related to licensing or similar transactions. |
| T | Administrative procedure adjustment | Legal events related to the adjustment of an administrative procedure carried out by the competent patent office. |
| U | Payment | This category is a group of events related to the payment of fees. |
| V | Appeal | Legal events related to an appeal of a decision made during the application and granting procedure or in the post-grant phase. |
| W | Other | Legal events which cannot be categorized under any other category. |
| Y | Correction and deletion of event information | Legal events related to the correction or deletion of event information that the competent patent authority previously provided. |
| Z | Classification pending | Legal events that could not be categorized yet. |
Comparison of the Two Category Systems
The two category systems have a different focus. While the LSC2 categories look more at the individual event, the status of the application during its life cycle is the important criterion for the LSEC categories. The content of both systems is more or less the same in some categories, but for others they differ significantly. Therefore, both systems can be used alternatively or complementarily depending on the search query.
The following table compares the two systems with recommendations for the search criteria with the highest number of hits. If a combined search is used in order to receive more precise results, the search fields /LSEC and /LSC2 have to be linked with the (L)-proximity, e.g.,
=> S BASF/PA,PAS AND ORE/LSC2 (L) E/LSEC
combines “Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal” with “Pre-grant review request” whereas
=> S BASF/PA,PAS AND ORE/LSC2 (L) L/LSEC
combines “Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal” with “IP right review request” and
=> S BASF/PA,PAS AND ORE/LSC2 (L) V/LSEC
combines “Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal” with “Appeal”.
| LSEC Code | LSEC Text | LSC2 Code | LSC2 Text | Search Recommendation |
| A | Application filing | NEN | Non-entry into national phase (WO) | LSC2 more accurate |
| ENP | Entry into National Phase | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| DIV | Divisional and Additional Applications | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| B | Application discontinuation | WTH | Withdrawal, Refusal, etc. | combination of LSC2 and LSEC |
| NEN | Non-entry into national phase (WO) | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| LAP | Lapse (Non-Payment of Fees) | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| C | Application revival | REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | LSEC more accurate, related to application only |
| D | Search and examination | EXA | Examination, Search Report | same results |
| COR | Correction, Amendment, Modification in Specification | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| E | Pre-grant review request | ORE | Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal | combination of LSC2 and LSEC |
| F | IP right grant | MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | LSEC more accurate |
| PUB | New or Withdrawn Publication | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| ENP | Entry into National Phase | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| G | Protection beyond IP right term | EXT | Time Extension | LSC2 more accurate |
| SPC | Supplementary Protection Certificate, Term Extension | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| H | IP right cessation | LAP | Lapse (Non-Payment of Fees) | combination of LSC2 and LSEC |
| WTH | Withdrawal, Refusal, etc. | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| EXP | Expiry | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| K | IP right revival | REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | LSEC more accurate, excluding application |
| L | IP right review request | NOP | No Opposition or Appeal | LSC2 more accurate |
| ORE | Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| M | IP right maintenance | NOP | No Opposition or Appeal | LSC2 more accurate |
| LIM | Nullification of Parts of Rights, Limitation | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| P | Re-publication of document after modification | COR | Correction, Amendment, Modification in Specification | combination of LSC2 and LSEC |
| CLA | Change, Removal or Addition of Classifications | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| Q | Document publication | PUB | New or Withdrawn Publication | LSC2 more accurate |
| ENP | Entry into National Phase | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| COR | Correction, Amendment, Modification in Specification | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| R | Party data change | CHG | Change of Owner, Inventor, Applicant | LSC2 more accurate |
| REP | Change of Representative | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| S | Information on licensing and similar transactions | LIC | Licensing | same results |
| MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | LSEC more accurate | ||
| T | Administrative procedure adjustment | EXT | Time Extension | LSC2 more accurate |
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| U | Payment | FEE | Fee Payment | same results |
| MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | LSEC more accurate | ||
| V | Appeal | ORE | Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal | combination of LSC2 and LSEC |
| NOP | No Opposition or Appeal | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| W | Other | ENP | Entry into National Phase | LSC2 more accurate |
| MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | same results | ||
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| LAP | Lapse (Non-Payment of Fees) | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| NEN | Non-entry into national phase (WO) | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| WTH | Withdrawal, Refusal, etc. | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| ORE | Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| FEE | Fee Payment | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| UER | Unitary Effect Request | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| UOO | Opt-out of UPC Jurisdiction | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| Y | Correction and deletion of event information | MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | LSEC more accurate |
| CLA | Change, Removal or Addition of Classifications | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| COR | Correction, Amendment, Modification in Specification | combination of LSC2 and LSEC | ||
| ERR | Erratum | same results | ||
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| Z | Classification pending | MIS | Miscellaneous or Ambiguous | same results |
| FEE | Fee Payment | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| WTH | Withdrawal, Refusal, etc. | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| CHG | Change of Owner, Inventor, Applicant | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| ORE | Opposition, Reexamination, Appeal | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| REI | Reinstatement or Restoration | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| LAP | Lapse (Non-Payment of Fees) | LSC2 more accurate | ||
| EXA | Examination, Search Report | LSC2 more accurate |
Legal Status Display
Two legal status display formats are available, which provide an overview of legal status events in ascending chronological order.
LS shows the current legal status including the extended legal status events.
LS2 displays the content of LS in a detailed table format.
In INPADOCDB the predefined format PILS displays the publication information from the bibliography and the legal status codes except the LSC2 codes PRI, APP, PRE, GRA and UKN which correspond to the bibliographic information.
The format BIBLS provides the full bibliographic information and the legal status codes except the LSC2 codes PRI, APP, PRE, GRA and UKN.
In INPAFAMDB the format LFAM is somewhat similar to PILS in INPADOCDB as it displays only the publication information and the status indicator and the legal events of the respective family members except the LSC2 codes PRI, APP, PRE, GRA and UKN which correspond to the bibliographic information.
In INPAFAMDB the formal FAMLS displays the patent family information table and the respective status information plus all legal status events of the family members as displayed with D LS.
Legal Status Country Coverage
In INPADOCDB and INPAFAMDB legal status information is currently available for 100 countries or patent-issuing organizations. For 44 countries only information on the national phase of PCT and/or EP applications are included (status October 2024).
| EP Applications | WO Applications | |||||
| Country Code | Country Text | Domestic Applications | Entry into National Phase | Fee Payment, Lapse or Other Events |
Entry into National Phase | Non-Entry into National Phase |
| AE | United Arab Emirates | 2014 - | ||||
| AL | Albania | 2014 - | ||||
| AM | Armenia | 2018 - | ||||
| AO | Angola | 2018 - | ||||
| AP | ARIPO | 1996 - 2008 | ||||
| AR | Argentina | 2004 - | ||||
| AT | Austria | 1968 - | 2012 - | 1981 - | 1981 - | |
| AU | Australia | 1970 – | 1997 - | |||
| AZ | Azerbaijan | 2016 - | ||||
| BE | Belgium | 1984 - | 1980 - | |||
| BG | Bulgaria | 2003 - | 2001 - | |||
| BR | Brazil | 1995 - | 2005 - | |||
| BY | Belarus | 2007 - 2008 | ||||
| BZ | Belize | 2002 - 2007 | ||||
| CA | Canada | 1979 - | 1990 - | 1991 - | ||
| CH | Switzerland | 1967 - | 1997 - | 1980 - | 2008 - | |
| CN | China | 1985 - | 1999 - | |||
| CO | Colombia | 1996 - | 2001- 2018 | |||
| CR | Costa Rica | 2000 - | 2001 - 2018 | |||
| CU | Cuba | 2009 - | ||||
| CY | Cyprus | 1999 - | ||||
| CS | Czechoslovakia | 2000 - | ||||
| CZ | Czech Republic | 2000 - | 2003 - | 1991 - | ||
| DD | German Democratic Republic | 1981 - 2004 | ||||
| DE |
Germany, Federal Republic of |
1973 - | 1980 - | 1979 - | 1980 - | 1997 - |
| DK | Denmark | 1982 - | 1990 - | 1991 - | ||
| DZ | Algeria | 2000 -2014 | ||||
| EA | Eurasian Patent Organization | 1998 - | 2006 - | |||
| EE | Estonia | 2003 | 2003 - | |||
| EG | Egypt | 2008 - 2011 | ||||
| EP | European Patent Office | 1978 - | 1981 - | 1994 - | ||
| ES | Spain | 1992 - | 1992 - | 1988 - | 1992 - | |
| FI | Finland | 1973 - | 1997 - | 1981 - | ||
| FR | France | 1969 - | 1983 - | 1980 - | ||
| GB | United Kingdom | 1969 - | 1987 - | 1981 - | 1998 - | |
| GE | Georgia | 2004 - | ||||
| GR | Greece | 2002 - | 1994 - | 1988 - | ||
| HR | Croatia | 2010 - | 1999 - | |||
| HK | Hong Kong | 2004 - | 2004 - | |||
| HU | Hungary | 1990 - | 2004 - | 2006 - 2012 | ||
| ID | Indonesia | 2010 - 2017 | ||||
| IE | Ireland | 1993 - | 1994 - | 1995 - | ||
| IL | Israel | 1996 - | 1998 - | |||
| IN | India | 1999 - 2012 | ||||
| IQ | Iraq | 2023 - | ||||
| IR | Iran, Islamic Republic of | 2012 - 2019 | ||||
| IS | Iceland | 2006 - | ||||
| IT | Italy | 1990 - | 1980 - | |||
| JO | Jordan | 2020 | ||||
| JP | Japan | 1978 - | 1991 - | 1998 - | ||
| KE | Kenya | 1995 - | ||||
| KR | Republic of Korea | 1983 - | 1997 - | 2001 | ||
| KZ | Kazakhstan | 2015 - | ||||
| LI | Liechtenstein | via CH | 1982 - | |||
| LT | Lithuania | 1994 - | 2006 - | 1996 - | ||
| LU | Luxembourg | 1972 - | 1980 - | |||
| LV | Latvia | 2008 - | 1998 - | |||
| MA | Morocco | 2017 - | 2015 - 2017 | |||
| MC | Monaco | 1972 - | ||||
| MD | Moldova | 1994 - | 2006 - | |||
| MK | North Macedonia | 2013 - | ||||
| MT | Malta | 2011 - | ||||
| MX | Mexico | 1994 - | 1994 - | |||
| MY | Malaysia | 2007 - | ||||
| NG | Nigeria | 2023 - | ||||
| NI | Nicaragua | 2017 - 2021 | ||||
| NL | Netherlands | 1965 - | 2010 - | 1980 - | ||
| NO | Norway | 2001 - | 2012 - | 2009 - | ||
| NZ | New Zealand | 2001 - | 1992 - | |||
| PE | Peru | 1993 - | 2009 - | |||
| PH | Philippines | 1990 - 1997 | 2002 - 2019 | |||
| PL | Poland | 2006 - | 2005 - | 2002 - | ||
| PT | Portugal | 1991 - | 1997 - | 1993 - | 2000 - | |
| RO | Romania | 2003 - | 2004 - | 1999 - | ||
| RS | Serbia | 2006 - | ||||
| RU | Russia * | 2005 - | 2001 - | |||
| SA | Saudi Arabia | 2020 - | ||||
| SE | Sweden | 1994 - | 2000 - | 1980 - | 1983 - | |
| SG | Singapore | 2016 - | ||||
| SI | Slovenia | 2004 - | 2004 - | 2001 - | ||
| SK | Slovakia | 2010 - | 2010 - | 2003 - | 1993 - | |
| SM | San Marino | 2013 - | ||||
| SV | El Salvador | 1971 - | ||||
| SU | Soviet Union | 2005 - 2011 | ||||
| TH | Thailand | 2010 - | ||||
| TR | Turkiye | 1996 - | ||||
| TW | Taiwan | 1994 - | ||||
| UA | Ukraine | 2005 - | ||||
| US | United States | 1979 - | 1979 - | |||
| UZ | Uzbekistan | 2001 - | ||||
| VN | Viet Nam | 1995 - 2008 | ||||
| WO | World Intellectual Property Organization | 1978 - | ||||
| YU |
Yugoslavia Serbia and Montenegro |
1996 – 2002 2003 - 2006 |
||||
| ZA | South Africa | 1999 | ||||
* References to RU in SU-applications since 2005